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Title and Copyright Information

Preface

• Audience
• Documentation Accessibility
• Related Documentation
• Conventions

Changes in This Release for Oracle Database Installation Guide

• Changes in Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1)

1 Oracle Database Installation Checklist

• 1.1 Hardware Checklist for Oracle Database Installation
• 1.2 Operating System Checklist for Oracle Database Installation on Linux
• 1.3 Oracle User Environment Configuration Checklist for Oracle Database Installation
• 1.4 Server Environment Configuration Checklist for Oracle Database Installation
• 1.5 Storage and Recovery Checklist for Oracle Database Installation
• 1.6 OUI Checklist for Single Instance Oracle Database Installation
• 1.7 Planning Checklist for Oracle Database Installation

2 Overview of Oracle Database Installation

• 2.1 New Oracle Products and Features Installed with This Release
• 2.2 Planning the Installation
• 2.3 Installation Considerations
  • 2.3.1 Hardware and Software Certification
    • 2.3.1.1 Third-Party Database Certification for Oracle SQL Developer
  • 2.3.2 Multiple Oracle Homes Support
    • 2.3.2.1 Installing Oracle Database on a System with an Existing Oracle Installation
  • 2.3.3 Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server
  • 2.3.4 Oracle Cluster Synchronization Services
  • 2.3.5 Consider Memory Allocation and Automatic Memory Management
  • 2.3.6 Restrictions for HugePages Configurations
• 2.4 Oracle Database Installation Methods
  • 2.4.1 Interactive Installation Types
  • 2.4.2 Automated Installation Methods Using Response Files
• 2.5 Oracle Database Editions
• 2.6 Database Security Notification Options
• 2.7 Database Configuration Options
  • 2.7.1 Preconfigured Database Types
  • 2.7.2 Installation Choices that Affect Database Creation
• 2.8 Database Storage Options
  • 2.8.1 File System
  • 2.8.2 Oracle Automatic Storage Management
    • 2.8.2.1 Oracle Automatic Storage Management Disk Groups
    • 2.8.2.2 Oracle Automatic Storage Management Instance
• 2.9 Database Management Options
  • 2.9.1 Management Options for Preconfigured Databases
  • 2.9.2 Management Options for Custom Databases
  • 2.9.3 Features Provided by Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Express 12c
• 2.10 Database Backup and Recovery Options
  • 2.10.1 Configuring Recovery
• 2.11 Upgrade Considerations
  • 2.11.1 Upgrading Your Operating System Before a Database Upgrade
    • 2.11.1.1 Upgrading the Operating System
    • 2.11.1.2 Migrating to a New Computer
  • 2.11.2 Upgrading Oracle Automatic Storage Management

3 Automatically Configuring Oracle Linux with Oracle Preinstallation RPM

• 3.1 Overview of Oracle Linux Configuration with Oracle RPMs
• 3.2 Installing a New Oracle Linux Installation from DVDs or Images
• 3.3 Installing the Oracle Preinstallation RPM with ULN support
• 3.4 Installing the Oracle Preinstallation RPM From Unbreakable Linux Network
• 3.5 Installing the Oracle Preinstallation RPM From DVDs or Images
• 3.6 Installing Oracle Linux with Public Yum Repository Support
• 3.7 Additional Optional Operating System Configuration Tasks
  • 3.7.1 Configure Ksplice Repository for Oracle Linux
  • 3.7.2 Configure Additional Operating System Features

4 Oracle Database Preinstallation Tasks

• 4.1 Guidelines for Linux Operating System Installation
  • 4.1.1 Completing a Minimal Linux Installation
    • 4.1.1.1 About Minimal Linux Installations
    • 4.1.1.2 RPM Packages for Completing Operating System Configuration
    • 4.1.1.3 Open SSH Requirement for Minimal Installation
  • 4.1.2 Completing a Default Linux Installation
  • 4.1.3 About Oracle Linux and the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel
  • 4.1.4 About the Oracle Preinstallation RPM
  • 4.1.5 Using Ksplice to Perform a Zero Downtime Update
• 4.2 Logging In to the System as root
• 4.3 Configuring Servers for Oracle Database
  • 4.3.1 Checking Server Hardware and Memory Configuration
  • 4.3.2 General Server Minimum Requirements
  • 4.3.3 Server Storage Minimum Requirements
    • 4.3.3.1 Disk Space Requirements for Linux x86-64
    • 4.3.3.2 Disk Space Requirements for IBM: Linux on System z
    • 4.3.3.3 Disk Space Requirements for the Temporary Directory
  • 4.3.4 Server Memory Minimum Requirements
• 4.4 Reviewing Operating System Security Common Practices
• 4.5 Using Installation Fixup Scripts
• 4.6 Using Oracle RPM Checker on IBM: Linux on System z
• 4.7 About Operating System Requirements
• 4.8 Operating System Requirements for x86-64 Linux Platforms
  • 4.8.1 Supported Oracle Linux 7 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Distributions for x86-64
  • 4.8.2 Supported Oracle Linux 6 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Distributions for x86-64
  • 4.8.3 Supported Oracle Linux 5 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Distributions for x86-64
  • 4.8.4 Supported SUSE Distributions for x86-64
• 4.9 Operating System Requirements for IBM: Linux on System z
  • 4.9.1 Supported Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Distributions for IBM: Linux on System z
  • 4.9.2 Supported Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Distributions for IBM: Linux on System z
  • 4.9.3 Supported SUSE Distributions for IBM: Linux on System z
• 4.10 Additional Drivers and Software Packages for Linux
  • 4.10.1 Installation Requirements for Open Database Connectivity
    • 4.10.1.1 About ODBC Drivers and Oracle Database
    • 4.10.1.2 Installing Oracle ODBC Driver for Linux
  • 4.10.2 Installation Requirements for PAM on Linux
    • 4.10.2.1 About PAM and Login Authentication
    • 4.10.2.2 Installing PAM Library
  • 4.10.3 Installation Requirements for Oracle Messaging Gateway
    • 4.10.3.1 About Oracle Messaging Gateway
    • 4.10.3.2 Installing Oracle Messaging Gateway
  • 4.10.4 Installation Requirements for Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
    • 4.10.4.1 About LDAP and Oracle Plug-ins
    • 4.10.4.2 Installing the LDAP Package
  • 4.10.5 Installation Requirements for Programming Environments for Linux
    • 4.10.5.1 About Programming Environments and Oracle Database
    • 4.10.5.2 Configuring Support for Programming Environments
  • 4.10.6 Installation Requirements for Web Browsers
• 4.11 Checking the Software Requirements
• 4.12 Installing the cvuqdisk RPM for Linux
• 4.13 Checking Shared Memory File System Mount on Linux
• 4.14 Confirming Host Name Resolution
• 4.15 Disabling Transparent HugePages
• 4.16 Identifying Required Software Directories
  • 4.16.1 Oracle Base Directory
  • 4.16.2 Oracle Inventory Directory
  • 4.16.3 Oracle Home Directory
• 4.17 Identifying or Creating an Oracle Base Directory
  • 4.17.1 Identifying an Existing Oracle Base Directory
  • 4.17.2 Creating an Oracle Base Directory
• 4.18 Setting Disk I/O Scheduler on Linux
• 4.19 Choosing a Storage Option for Oracle Database and Recovery Files
• 4.20 Creating Directories for Oracle Database or Recovery Files
  • 4.20.1 Guidelines for Placing Oracle Database Files on a File System
  • 4.20.2 Creating Required Directories

5 Configuring Users, Groups and Environments for Oracle Database

• 5.1 Creating Required Operating System Groups and Users
  • 5.1.1 Determining If the Oracle Inventory and Oracle Inventory Group Exists
  • 5.1.2 Creating the Oracle Inventory Group If an Oracle Inventory Does Not Exist
  • 5.1.3 About Oracle Installations with Job Role Separation
  • 5.1.4 Descriptions of Job Role Separation Groups and Users
    • 5.1.4.1 Oracle Software Owner For Each Oracle Software Product
    • 5.1.4.2 Standard Oracle Database Groups for Job Role Separation
    • 5.1.4.3 Extended Oracle Database Groups for Job Role Separation
    • 5.1.4.4 Oracle Automatic Storage Management Groups for Job Role Separation
  • 5.1.5 Creating Job Role Separation Database Operating System Groups and Users
    • 5.1.5.1 Creating the OSDBA Group for Database Installations
    • 5.1.5.2 Creating an OSOPER Group for Database Installations
    • 5.1.5.3 Creating the OSBACKUPDBA Group for Database Installations
    • 5.1.5.4 Creating the OSDGDBA Group for Database Installations
    • 5.1.5.5 Creating the OSKMDBA Group for Database Installations
    • 5.1.5.6 Creating the OSDBA Group for Oracle Automatic Storage Management
    • 5.1.5.7 Creating the OSOPER Group for Oracle Automatic Storage Management
    • 5.1.5.8 Creating the OSASM Group for Oracle Automatic Storage Management
    • 5.1.5.9 When to Create the Oracle Software Owner User
    • 5.1.5.10 Determining if an Oracle Software Owner User Exists
    • 5.1.5.11 Creating an Oracle Software Owner User
    • 5.1.5.12 Modifying an Existing Oracle Software Owner User
• 5.2 Checking Resource Limits for Oracle Software Installation Users
• 5.3 Setting Remote Display and X11 Forwarding Configuration
• 5.4 Stopping Existing Oracle Processes
• 5.5 Configuring Oracle Software Owner Environment
• 5.6 Determining Root Script Execution Plan

6 Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server

• 6.1 Configuring Servers for Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server
  • 6.1.1 Checking Hardware and Memory Configuration
  • 6.1.2 Server Memory Minimum Requirements
  • 6.1.3 Server Storage Minimum Requirements
  • 6.1.4 Environment Requirements for Oracle Grid Infrastructure Software Owner
• 6.2 Oracle ACFS and Oracle ADVM
  • 6.2.1 About Oracle ACFS and Oracle ADVM
  • 6.2.2 Oracle ACFS and Oracle ADVM Support on Linux
  • 6.2.3 Restrictions and Guidelines for Oracle ACFS
  • 6.2.4 Enabling Oracle ACFS on Oracle Restart Configurations
• 6.3 Oracle Automatic Storage Management Storage Configuration
  • 6.3.1 Managing Disk Groups for Older Database Versions
  • 6.3.2 Oracle Automatic Storage Management Installation Considerations
  • 6.3.3 Configuring Storage for Oracle Automatic Storage Management
    • 6.3.3.1 Identifying Storage Requirements for Oracle Automatic Storage Management
    • 6.3.3.2 Creating DAS or SAN Disk Partitions for Oracle Automatic Storage Management
  • 6.3.4 About Oracle ASM with Oracle ASM Filter Driver
  • 6.3.5 Configuring Oracle ASM Disk Groups Manually using Oracle ASMCA
  • 6.3.6 Testing the Oracle Automatic Storage Management Installation
  • 6.3.7 Upgrading Existing Oracle Automatic Storage Management Instances
• 6.4 Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server Using a Software-Only Installation
  • 6.4.1 Installing the Software Binaries
  • 6.4.2 Configuring the Software Binaries
• 6.5 Installing and Configuring Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server
  • 6.5.1 Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server with a New Database Installation
  • 6.5.2 Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server for an Existing Database
• 6.6 Modifying Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server Binaries After Installation

7 Installing Oracle Database

• 7.1 Preinstallation Considerations
  • 7.1.1 Performing Multiple Oracle Database Installations in Response File or Silent Mode
• 7.2 Reviewing Component-Specific Installation Guidelines
  • 7.2.1 Selecting the Database Character Set
  • 7.2.2 Using an Existing Oracle Automatic Storage Management Disk Group
• 7.3 Accessing the Installation Software
  • 7.3.1 Downloading Oracle Software
    • 7.3.1.1 Downloading the Installation Archive Files from OTN
    • 7.3.1.2 Downloading the Software from Oracle Software Delivery Cloud Portal
    • 7.3.1.3 Extracting the Installation Files
  • 7.3.2 Copying the Software to the Hard Disk
    • 7.3.2.1 Mounting Disks
    • 7.3.2.2 Copying the Oracle Database Software to a Hard Disk
• 7.4 Installing the Oracle Database Software
  • 7.4.1 Running Oracle Universal Installer
• 7.5 Installing Oracle Database Examples

8 Oracle Database Postinstallation Tasks

• 8.1 Creating a Database
• 8.2 Required Postinstallation Tasks
  • 8.2.1 Downloading and Installing Patches
• 8.3 Recommended Postinstallation Tasks
  • 8.3.1 Creating a Backup of the root.sh Script
  • 8.3.2 Creating and Configuring Additional Operating System Accounts
    • 8.3.2.1 Configuring the Accounts of Oracle Users
  • 8.3.3 Setting Language Preferences for Client Connections
  • 8.3.4 Guidelines for Setting Semaphore Parameters
  • 8.3.5 Creating a Fast Recovery Area Disk Group
    • 8.3.5.1 About the Fast Recovery Area and the Fast Recovery Area Disk Group
    • 8.3.5.2 Creating the Fast Recovery Area Disk Group
  • 8.3.6 Enabling and Disabling Database Options
  • 8.3.7 Downloading and Installing the ORAchk Health Check Tool
• 8.4 Product-Specific Postinstallation Tasks
  • 8.4.1 Configuring Oracle Net Services
    • 8.4.1.1 Modifying the listener.ora File
    • 8.4.1.2 Modifying the tnsnames.ora File
  • 8.4.2 Configuring Oracle Label Security
  • 8.4.3 Configuring Oracle Database Vault
  • 8.4.4 Configuring Oracle Messaging Gateway
  • 8.4.5 Configuring Oracle Precompilers
    • 8.4.5.1 Configuring Pro*C/C++
    • 8.4.5.2 Configuring Pro*FORTRAN
  • 8.4.6 Configuring Secure Sockets Layer
  • 8.4.7 Installing Oracle Text Supplied Knowledge Bases
  • 8.4.8 Configuring or Reinstalling Oracle XML DB
  • 8.4.9 Configuring New or Upgraded Databases
  • 8.4.10 Configuring Direct NFS Client
    • 8.4.10.1 About Direct NFS Client Configuration
    • 8.4.10.2 About the oranfstab File and Direct NFS Client
    • 8.4.10.3 Mounting NFS Storage Devices with Direct NFS Client
    • 8.4.10.4 Checking NFS Buffer Size Parameters
    • 8.4.10.5 Setting TCP Network Protocol Buffer for Direct NFS Client
    • 8.4.10.6 Specifying Network Paths with the oranfstab File
    • 8.4.10.7 Enabling Direct NFS Client
    • 8.4.10.8 Disabling Direct NFS Client
    • 8.4.10.9 Enabling HCC on Direct NFS Client
• 8.5 Postinstallation Tasks for SQL Developer

9 Getting Started with Oracle Database

• 9.1 Checking the Installed Oracle Database Contents and Directory Location
• 9.2 Logging In to Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Express
• 9.3 Managing Oracle Automatic Storage Management
  • 9.3.1 Starting and Stopping Oracle Automatic Storage Management
  • 9.3.2 Oracle Automatic Storage Management Utilities
• 9.4 Accessing Oracle Database with SQL*Plus
• 9.5 Accessing Oracle Database with SQL Developer
  • 9.5.1 Set Up the JDK Path for SQL Developer
• 9.6 Reviewing Accounts and Passwords
• 9.7 Unlocking and Resetting User Passwords
  • 9.7.1 Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Express to Unlock Accounts and Reset Passwords
  • 9.7.2 Using SQL*Plus to Unlock Accounts and Reset Passwords
• 9.8 Identifying Databases
• 9.9 Locating the Server Parameter File
• 9.10 Reviewing Tablespaces and Data Files, Redo Log Files, and Control Files
  • 9.10.1 Identifying Tablespaces and Data Files
  • 9.10.2 Locating Redo Log Files
  • 9.10.3 Locating Control Files

10 Removing Oracle Database Software

• 10.1 About the Deinstallation Tool
  • 10.1.1 Deinstalling Previous Release Grid Home
• 10.2 Example of Running the Deinstallation Tool
• 10.3 Example of Running the Deinstall Command
• 10.4 Deinstallation Response File Example for Oracle Database
• 10.5 Deinstallation Response File Example for Oracle Grid Infrastructure

A Installing and Configuring Oracle Database Using Response Files

• A.1 How Response Files Work
  • A.1.1 Reasons for Using Silent Mode or Response File Mode
  • A.1.2 Creating a Database Using Oracle Automatic Storage Management as the Storage Option for Database Files
  • A.1.3 General Procedure for Using Response Files
• A.2 Preparing a Response File
  • A.2.1 Editing a Response File Template
  • A.2.2 Saving a Response File
• A.3 Running Oracle Universal Installer Using a Response File
• A.4 Running Net Configuration Assistant Using a Response File
• A.5 Running Database Configuration Assistant Using a Response File
  • A.5.1 Silent Mode of Database Configuration Assistant
  • A.5.2 Progress Only Mode of Database Configuration Assistant
  • A.5.3 Running Database Configuration Assistant in Response File Mode
• A.6 Postinstallation Configuration Using a Response File
  • A.6.1 About the Postinstallation Configuration File
  • A.6.2 Running Postinstallation Configuration Using a Response File

B Cloning an Oracle Home

• B.1 Cloning an Oracle Home
• B.2 Configuring Oracle Configuration Manager in a Cloned Oracle Home

C Using NAS Devices

• C.1 General Configuration Guidelines for NAS Devices
• C.2 Choosing Mount Points
  • C.2.1 Choosing Mount Points for Oracle Software Files
    • C.2.1.1 Directory-Specific Guidelines
  • C.2.2 Choosing Mount Points for Oracle Database and Recovery Files
• C.3 Creating Files on a NAS Device for Use with Oracle Automatic Storage Management

D How to Complete Preinstallation Tasks Manually

• D.1 Configuring Kernel Parameters for Linux
  • D.1.1 Minimum Parameter Settings for Installation
  • D.1.2 Displaying and Changing Kernel Parameter Values
  • D.1.3 Additional Parameter and Kernel Settings for SUSE Linux
• D.2 Setting UDP and TCP Kernel Parameters Manually
• D.3 Configuring Storage Paths and Disk Devices
  • D.3.1 Configuring Storage Device Path Persistence Using Oracle ASMLIB
    • D.3.1.1 About Oracle ASM with Oracle ASMLIB
    • D.3.1.2 Configuring Oracle ASMLIB to Maintain Block Devices
    • D.3.1.3 Deinstalling Oracle ASMLIB
  • D.3.2 Configuring Disk Devices Manually for Oracle Automatic Storage Management
    • D.3.2.1 About Device File Names and Ownership for Linux
    • D.3.2.2 Configuring a Permissions File for Disk Devices for Oracle ASM

E Configuring Networks for Oracle Database

• E.1 Installing on Multihomed Computers
  • E.1.1 Setting the ORACLE_HOSTNAME Environment Variable
• E.2 Installing on Computers with Multiple Aliases
• E.3 Installing on Non-Networked Computers
  • E.3.1 Connecting the Computer to the Network after Installation

F Optimal Flexible Architecture

• F.1 Overview of the Optimal Flexible Architecture Standard
  • F.1.1 Advantages of Multiple Oracle Homes and OFA
• F.2 Understanding Optimal Flexible Architecture
  • F.2.1 File Systems
    • F.2.1.1 Number of File Systems
    • F.2.1.2 Naming Conventions
  • F.2.2 Naming Directories
    • F.2.2.1 Oracle Base Directory Naming Convention
    • F.2.2.2 Naming Mount Points for Very Large Databases (VLDBs)
    • F.2.2.3 Referring to Path Names
    • F.2.2.4 Oracle Home Directory Naming Convention
    • F.2.2.5 Naming Subdirectories
  • F.2.3 Naming Database Files
  • F.2.4 Separating Segments with Different Requirements
  • F.2.5 Identifying the Optimal Flexible Architecture Structure for Oracle Files
  • F.2.6 Optimal Flexible Architecture File Mapping

G Managing Oracle Database Port Numbers

• G.1 About Managing Ports
• G.2 Viewing Port Numbers and Access URLs
• G.3 Port Numbers and Protocols of Oracle Components

H Configuring Oracle Database Globalization Support

• H.1 Installing and Using Oracle Components in Different Languages
  • H.1.1 Configuring Oracle Components to Run in Different Languages
    • H.1.1.1 Determining the Operating System Locale by Using the LANG Environment Variable
    • H.1.1.2 Configuring Locale and Character Sets Using NLS_LANG
  • H.1.2 Installing Translation Resources
• H.2 Running Oracle Universal Installer in Different Languages

I Troubleshooting

• I.1 Verify Requirements
  • I.1.1 Read the Release Notes
• I.2 X Window Display Errors
• I.3 Remote Terminal Installation Error
• I.4 What to Do If an Installation Error Occurs?
• I.5 Reviewing the Log of an Installation Session
• I.6 Troubleshooting and Deconfiguring Oracle Restart
• I.7 Troubleshooting Host Name Changes and CSS
• I.8 Troubleshooting Configuration Assistants
  • I.8.1 Configuration Assistant Failure
  • I.8.2 Irrecoverable Errors
• I.9 Troubleshooting Inventory Issues
• I.10 Troubleshooting Screen Display Issues
• I.11 Troubleshooting Memory Size Error
• I.12 Troubleshooting File Descriptors Error
• I.13 Silent-Mode Response File Error Handling
• I.14 Cleaning Up After a Failed Installation
• I.15 Continuing Installations or Upgrades After Server Restarts

J Frequently Asked Questions About Installation

• J.1 Installing Oracle Database
• J.2 Installing Oracle Database Tools
• J.3 Installing Oracle Database with Oracle Applications
• J.4 Installing Oracle Database Heterogeneous Connectivity Tools (Gateways)

Glossary

Index